Tumor infiltrating Foxp3+ Tregs recognize synthesized but not naturally...
In new paper in @SciImmunology, Steven Rosenberg's group from @NIH asks why are #Tregs accumulate in tumor tissues and if it has something to do with #cancer#antigen recognition. But how to study...
View ArticleFoxp3+ Tregs suppress other T cells by stripping DCs of specific antigen/MHC...
Ag-specific or not Ag-specific, that is [maybe was] question for #Foxp3+ Tregs mechanism of action. New paper in @NatImmunol from #Shevach's lab @NIH says definitely antigen-specific. Lets dive in....
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Two non-overlapping precursors generate Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the thymus
New study in @NatImmunol compared #Treg differentiation potential of #CD25+ versus Foxp3(low) precursors in the ##thymus. https://t.co/rIFWqybNnmpic.twitter.com/9ibTGBeHF9— David Usharauli (@3DiMMUNE)...
View Article11-strain consortium from human faecal microbiota drives IFN-gamma production...
New study @nature from Japanese scientists (Konda, Atarashi, & others) identified #consortium (a nice clickbait for granting/funding agencies) of 11 microbial species from human faecal #microbiota...
View ArticleAn antigen from gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (B. theta) is...
1. B.theta-specific T cells when transferred into #antibiotic-treated and B.theta #colonized T cell-deficient mice (#RAG1-KO) develop into #Foxp3+ #Tregs as well as effector T cells. It is not clear...
View ArticleNo going back: conventional B cells (B2) could trans-differentiate into...
The study is about origin of B1vs.B2 cells. B1 cells are innate-like B cell lineage that reside in peritoneal & pleural cavities and express restricted BCRs specific for conserved molecules such...
View ArticleIL-17 response to airborne fungi are driven by gut commensal pathobiont C....
A new paper in @CellCellPress from Bacher/Scheffold lab showed that IL-17+ T cell response to airborne #fungus such as #Aspergillus fumigatus found in individuals with #asthma,#COPD, and CF,are in...
View Articleβ-synuclein specific CD4+ T cells invade brain grey matter to cause array of...
β-synuclein specific CD4+ T cells invade #brain grey matter and cause array of MS-like #symptoms in a rat model of human #MultipleSclerosis. Interestingly, the most useful distilled data points were in...
View ArticleA physiological T cells'"weaning reaction" to microbiota and solid foods in...
1. "weaning reaction" is described as a #physiological CD4+ T cell response to to #microbiota+solid #foods in mouse pups that occurs between 2-4 weeks after birth measured by analysis of #TNF-alpha...
View ArticleInnate help to Tregs in the gut
New study in @Nature indicates gut #ILC3 (type 3 innate lymphoid cells) produce IL-2 for #FOXP3+ Tregs. Is it relevant? lets discuss it. #Immunology#tolerance#microbiotahttps://t.co/iziPJb09Zy— David...
View ArticleCrohn's disease-like phenotype could be initiated by one gut microbe in...
1. The authors used doubly deficient Nod2−/−Cybb−/− [NADPH oxidase] (DKO) mice (genes thought to be altered in #Crohns). When fostered with Taconic dams, but not Jax dams, these DKO pups get...
View ArticleCD80 sequesters PDL1 on DC's surface and promotes T cell activation
An excellent study by Japanese scientists in @sciencemagazine reveals how co-#stimulatory molecule #CD80 sequestered co-#inhibitory molecule #PDL1 on the same DC's surface and thus promotes...
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Allergy: A newborn's microbiota prevents hyper IgE antibody response to...
Prevalence of allergy to food antigens is increasing in the world (alongside autoimmune diseases). Many believe it has to do with changes in microbiota composition due to environmental and processed...
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A neonatal temporal window for thymic epitope-specific Foxp3+ Treg formation
The thymus-derived Foxp3+ Tregs are indisputably the most important immune cell type. Surprisingly, little has been done to found out their antigen specificity. One reason for this lack of interest to...
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Select microbiota species provides protection against food allergy via RORγt+...
It is now undoubtedly acknowledged that body's microbiota plays a decisive role in protection against allergy, including food allergy. But how exactly microbiota does it is less clear. A new study in...
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Pathological changes in the gut could initiate autoimmune diabetes...
The mouse strain, NOD, has been used to study the mechanism of type 1 diabetes (T1D). These mice spontaneously develop autoimmune diabetes though it is not clear how islet-specific T cells get...
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Do regulatory CD8+ T cells control autoreactive CD4+ T cells in the mouse...
Recently journal Nature published a very thought-provoking study from Mark Davis' lab. In it, the authors have described the existence of a specialized population of CD8+ T cells that prevented...
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The auto-reactive CD4+ T cells provide IL-2 to proto-Tregs in the thymus
The T cells expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 called regulatory T cells, abbreviated as Tregs, are the most important cell type in the immune system. Without them, the whole immune system goes...
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Tumor elimination requires simultaneous expression of both class I and II...
The most tumors express mutant epitopes that could be detected by T cells. According to current paradigm, CD4+ T cells provides help to CD8+ T cells that in turn attack tumors. As tumor cells...
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Tracking deletion of autoreactive clones versus Treg generation for...
So far 3 different outcomes have been identified for developing T cells in the thymus: to develop into naive T cells, get deleted or become Foxp3+ Treg. Both deletion and Treg path require the...
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Microbiota-derived peptide and autoimmune heart inflammation: a tale of...
Papers published in journal Science supposed to undergo thorough high-level vetting process. However, to err is human. Both reviewers and editors are humans and hence they frequently err, for the...
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Do Tregs inhibit or promote allergic responses? How to avoid data...
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are the most essential component of the immune system. No other cell population, taken singularly, have such an indispensable role in the proper functioning of the...
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Is it possible to engineer Foxp3+ Tregs from primary T cells?
Here is the most recent paper that claims that they can do it. It was published in Science Translational Medicine. This is fairly respectable journal run by Science. This research group is so confident...
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A specific bacteria-infecting virus, bacteriophage, found in gut microflora,...
Molecular mimicry between microbial and host's antigens could contribute to autoimmunity but also to the protection against tumors through epitope cross-reactivity. A new study in journal Science...
View ArticleIf T cell clones are so diverse, what prevents anti-tumor immune response?
Identifying cancer and pathogen-specific epitopes or TCRs may sound intuitive, but it is a futile approach. Diversity of T cell or B cell clones guarantees that the adaptive immune system will always...
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